APES vs. The Effects of Birth Control on Aquatic Fish

APES vs.

By: Abby and Lexie

APA Citations:

Berg, E.G. (2015). The Chemistry of the Pill. NCBI, doi: 10.1021/acscentsci.5b00066.

Caldwell, D.J., Mastrocco, F., Nowak, E., Johnston, J., Yekel, H., Pfeiffer, D., Hoyt, M., DuPlessie, B.M., & Anderson, P.D. (2009). An Assessment of Potential Exposure and Risk from Estrogens in Drinking Water. NCBI, doi: 10.1289/ehp.0900654.

Frankel, T. E., Meyer, M. T., Kolpin, D. W., Gillis, A. B., Alvarez, D. A., & Orlando, E. F. (2016). Exposure to the contraceptive progestin, gestodene, alters reproductive behavior, arrests egg deposition, and masculinizes development in the fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas). Environmental science & technology, 50(11), 5991-5999.

Gross-Sorokin, M.Y., Roast, S.D., & Brighty, G.C. (2005). Assessment of Feminization of Male Fish in English Rivers by the Environment Agency of England and Wales. Environmental health perspectives, 114 Suppl 1(Suppl 1), 147–151. doi:10.1289/ehp.8068.

Iwanowicz, L.R., Blazer, V.S., Pinkney, A.E., Guy, C.P., Major, A.M., Munney, K., Mierzykowski, S., Lingenfelser, S., Secord, A., Patnode, K., Kubiak, T.J., Stern, C., Hahn, C.M., Iwanowicz, D.D., Walsh, H.L., & Sperry, A. (2015). Evidence of estrogenic endocrine disruption in smallmouth and largemouth bass inhabiting Northeast U.S. national wildlife refuge waters: A reconnaissance study. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 124, 50-59. doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2015.09.035.