ARMOR on the Air is a student-led podcast based out of the University of Colorado Boulder. We discuss the antimicrobial resistance crisis and what we as members of the public can do to help! Join our hosts, undergraduates Ezra and Andy, as we learn more about superbugs and how to stop them! ARMOR is an outreach organization at CU Boulder. We promote safe and responsible use of antibiotics, support research into new antibiotics, and encourage the public to take steps in their daily lives to l ...
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Phage Therapy: Current Prospects
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In this episode, learn more about current applications of phage therapy, an alternative to antibiotics! We're here to give an update of bacteriophages (viruses that infect bacteria) and the current state of affairs in research and clinical applications. Listen in to learn a little about how bacteriophages are being modified to treat bacterial infec…
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Viruses can KILL bacteria? Introducing bacteriophages and the history of phage therapy
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In this episode, learn about an alternative to antibiotics: phage therapy! We're here to give an overview of bacteriophages (viruses that infect bacteria) and the complex history of phage therapy. Listen in to learn a little about how bacteriophages can be used to treat bacterial infections in humans and why phage therapy isn't mainstream in the US…
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The UNCURABLE disease - the utterly terrifying truth behind mad cow disease and prions
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In this episode, learn about the harmless protein in your body that can potentially cause a fatal, uncurable disease! Also learn about what Kuru disease, mad cow disease, scrapie, and bouncy balls have in common (HINT - they all relate to that one harmless protein)! Find out more by tuning-in to the return of ARMOR on the AIR! ARMOR on the Air is a…
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It’s summer time listeners! In this episode we discuss Shigella infection and how this gut bacterium could potentially impact YOUR summer plans (this is a reminder of how gross public pools are). Also, could this be Karoline’s last appearance!? ARMOR on the Air is a student-led podcast based out of the University of Colorado Boulder. We discuss the…
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The MicroGrammys: Joshua Lederberg and E coli
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Welcome to the first installment of the MicroGrammys! Because we’re talking about superstar bacteria pivotal in Nobel Prize wins, and you know, Gram-stains… get it? Today’s focus is E. coli, bacterial genetics, and Joshua Lederberg, who we stan. ARMOR on the Air is a student-led podcast based out of the University of Colorado Boulder. We discuss th…
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Nitrogen, rhizobia, and legumes
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Today we’re talking about nitrogen fixation, a process that allows plants to take up nitrogen from soil to *live* and lets us eat those plants to also *live*, and the bacteria that makes it all go ‘round: rhizobia. We delve into the symbiotic relationship of legume plants and rhizobia, bird pee and mammal pee, and the invention of mustard gas, and …
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Jellyfish-inspired drug delivery!
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At first glance, jellyfish and drug delivery don’t seem to have much in common, but the beauty of nature is how so many critters have evolved some pretty creative solutions for survival, which we can now use as inspiration in medicine! Come learn about the unique way jellyfish sting us and how scientists could use this for drug delivery. ARMOR on t…
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AMR with Daniel Muñoz Escudero!
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Today we have the pleasure of welcoming Daniel Muñoz Escudero to speak with us! Daniel is a 4th year PhD student in Biology at CU Boulder who works in a lab in the Biochemistry department under Dr. Sousa, where he studies the protein structures that contribute to antibiotic resistance in Gram-negative bacteria. Sousa Lab: https://www.colorado.edu/l…
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Here’s looking at you…r eyes. Eyes! Let’s talk pink eye, let’s talk contact lenses, let’s talk immuno-privileged tissue, let’s talk implants. The eyes are an incredibly cool, incredibly unique organ with fascinating responses to bacteria and foreign objects. Get in your daily learning with some fun ocular facts and contact lens do’s and don’t’s (mo…
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Our last episode of 2021 is about a very cool feat of engineering done by researchers at Cambridge, where they carefully CRISPR-ed an E. coli genome to ADD MORE AMINO ACIDS TO BIOLOGY. Yeah, it’s wild, it’s cool, it made virus-immune bacteria, and it could revolutionize synthesis of materials. General public article https://singularityhub.com/2021/…
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Tonsil Time! Our most famous lymph nodes
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It’s the season for colds, and you go to the doctor and they prod at your neck. What are they looking for? How swollen your tonsils are! Today we’re talking tonsils: what they do, how they do it, and what can go wrong with them. ARMOR on the Air is a student-led podcast based out of the University of Colorado Boulder. We discuss the antimicrobial r…
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TW: Childbirth, painful medical procedures, graphic descriptions C-sections vs vaginal births, baby microbiomes, vaginal health, and some basic gynecology... Today we’re talking about baby’s first bacteria! Though, fair warning, pregnancy and childbirth are INTENSE processes, whether from the perspective of the person giving birth, the baby that’s …
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It's...*drumroll*... Flu Season!
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It’s that time of the year...Flu season! We get into the nitty gritty of why flu season occurs in the winter, flu strain surveillance, and flu shots. After a short chat about some devious Danish traditions, of course. ARMOR on the Air is a student-led podcast based out of the University of Colorado Boulder. We discuss the antimicrobial resistance c…
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The scaaaary microbiome of unwashed jeans...or not?
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We have a shorter episode for you today where we chat about a strange story from 12 years ago, the bacteria on your clothes, and how often you should wash your jeans! And of course the usual goofy tangents and Halloween costume plans. ARMOR on the Air is a student-led podcast based out of the University of Colorado Boulder. We discuss the antimicro…
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It’s Colleen! But not the shadow founding-member-of-ARMOR Colleen. Today we have the lovely Dr. Colleen Courtney, a talented researcher who paved the way for the rest of us! She shares her abundant knowledge on host responses to infection, gives us some cool fun facts, and introduces some wild bacterial behavior! ARMOR on the Air is a student-led p…
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Gut balls! (enterococcus faecalis)
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Butt bacteria! More specifically, enterococcus faecalis, a gut bacteria that is common in humans but can cause some major problems if it finds its way to any other part of your body. We’re taking a close look at this bacterium (Karoline’s favorite!), lauding an awesome female scientist, and even getting into some organic chemistry! ARMOR on the Air…
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Intracellular Infections with Kristen Eller!
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Welcome Kristen Eller, our wonderful labmate and researcher! Kristen is here with us to share her knowledge about intracellular infections, or infections where the bacteria actually enter mammalian cells. We bring back our favorite molecular needle, the Type 3 Secretion System, and talk in depth about Salmonella, bone infections, and how this all r…
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Let’s talk bacteria in your pets! We have founding member Colleen (she’s real!) subbing in for Karoline, who is currently in Denmark, to discuss the differences of the microbiomes of catdogs versus humans, debunk a couple common myths, and appreciate our fluffy friends. ARMOR on the Air is a student-led podcast based out of the University of Colora…
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Okay, you may think E. coli is *so cliche* and *boring* and *vanilla* BUT it’s a really cool organism, and we’re talking about why! E. coli is our best friend in microbiological labs, our best friend in our colons, and less than our best friend when growing uncontrolled on lettuce. Come join us in learning about this familiar little bacterium! ARMO…
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Wiggling and Swimming and Tumbling: Bacterial Motility!
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How do bacteria move? Today we’re here to cover everything from chemoreceptors to flagella, pili to corkscrew motility! The how’s, why’s, and what’s of bacterial motion! ARMOR on the Air is a student-led podcast based out of the University of Colorado Boulder. We discuss the antimicrobial resistance crisis and what we as members of the public can d…
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Antisense therapies with Dr. Aunins
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Hello, and welcome to Dr. Tom Aunins, our wonderful expert on antisense therapies! The esteemed Dr. Aunins explains what these therapies are, current research, what sets antisense therapies apart from more traditional antibiotics, and how we make them in the Chatterjee lab at CU Boulder! ARMOR on the Air is a student-led podcast based out of the Un…
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Bacteriophages: Bacteria vs Viruses!
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Bacteriophages are viruses that infect bacteria, and we're here to talk about some of the research around using bacteriophages to kill bacteria that are otherwise resistant to more traditional antibiotics! Listen in to learn a little about how bacteriophages target bacteria, how they might be used to treat infections in humans, and what the progres…
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Resistant bacteria, putting the MR in MRSA
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MRSA! Methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus is a type of bacteria that can be very dangerous and is often found in hospitals. Yikes! We’re here to tell you about the MR vs the SA, what makes MRSA dangerous, and how to keep yourself safe! ARMOR on the Air is a student-led podcast based out of the University of Colorado Boulder. We discuss the …
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The microbiology of beer with guest Amahl Turczyn
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A warm welcome to Amahl Turczyn, who is joining us today to talk about brewing and fermentation! Amahl is a homebrewer and freelance writer, and he contributes to beer publications and an annual beer calendar. He is here to tell us all about brewing and how microbes are key to the process of fermentation. We also chat about wild-culture beers and s…
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Naturally derived antibiotics: how bacteria teach us to kill bacteria
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We are talking today about antibiotics, but not just any antibiotics: naturally derived antibiotics! Most antibiotics used today are derived from compounds that bacteria, fungi, and plants make naturally to fight off bacterial threats. Throughout the years, scientists have learned about these compounds and made adjustments to create antibiotic medi…
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Back to our beginnings with founding member Jocelyn! And some good talk on Lyme disease
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Today we have ARMOR founding member Jocelyn Campos-Enriquez joining us to talk LYME DISEASE. Jocelyn was with us from the very first day of ARMOR as an organization, and now she’s here to talk to us about her experiences with Lyme disease and help us understand how the bacteria Borrelia burgdorferi causes this disease and moves from host to host (f…
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CRISPR-Cas9, the Macklemore and Ryan Lewis of gene editing
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Tune in for this crispy, crunchy new episode… Okay, CRISPR-based puns are hard. In this episode, *lettuce* talk about... no. We’re here to discuss the CRISPR-Cas9 system! Now of Nobel Prize fame, the CRISPR-Cas9 system has proved to be an invaluable tool in novel gene editing. So, what is CRISPR, how does it work, and how can we use it to solve pro…
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We're back! With life on Venus?!
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We’re back! And we’re back out beyond Earth’s atmosphere to talk about ~life on Venus~. Or at least, what life COULD look like on Venus. We have a wonderful guest, Mr. Karoline Pedersen, aka Dr. Benjamin Frandsen, aka the legendary BenjaMAN. Benjamin works as a physical chemist and his doctoral research was on the atmosphere of Venus. We chat about…
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Antibiotics in Soap (and Toys?!) - We gotta STOP
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TW: vomiting, needles; skip to 10 minutes if you’d like to avoid hearing about this! And for all you listeners out there, don’t worry, Dana’s wisdom teeth removal went great and she’s recovering well! <3 What is antibacterial soap and does it actually help anything? What antibiotics have the FDA decided to ban from soaps, and which are still allowe…
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TI is beautiful - Research Feature on Nolan O'Connor!
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We are so excited to have Nolan O’Connor with us today! Nolan researches the process of transcription, which is how our cells make proteins. He tells us about how transcription is relevant to drug resistance in bacteria, what RNA polymerase is and how it works, and his research focus of transcriptional interference (TI), but mostly just regales us …
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When the stomach flu isn't the flu: Salmonella!
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Bear with us while we enter one of the busier times in the semester! We are all students first, so you may notice delays in uploading episodes. Thanks for your patience! This week we’re taking a deep dive into Salmonella, a type of bacteria commonly associated with food poisoning. We discuss where these little guys live, what kinds of problems they…
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Who's getting all the antibiotics? Livestock!
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Did you know that a large majority of all antibiotics used in the United States go to livestock? And most of it isn’t even for treating sick animals! Listen in to learn about why the agricultural sector overuses antibiotics, how this practice is detrimental, and what responsible meat producers are doing to help curb antibiotic resistance. We also h…
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Research Feature - Joe Villanueva!
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We have a special guest with us today, Joe Villanueva! Joe is a researcher in CU Boulder’s Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology department, and works on antibiotic development with a focus on Salmonella Typhimurium. He’s here to share his expertise with us and talk about his research! ARMOR on the Air is a student-led podcast based out of …
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One plus one equals... Comorbidities!
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A comorbidity occurs when someone has more than one condition or disease at one time. Does that sound like everyone at some point in their lives? It sure is! Comorbidities can occur if you get multiple infections at once, but they can also occur if you have a pre-existing condition and also catch a cold, have two pre-existing conditions, are old an…
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This week we’re all about the most extreme bacteria! Extremophiles live in conditions traditionally considered too harsh for most life to survive, like high temperatures, acidity, and salinity. We go through some cool examples and also talk a bit about how scientists have taken advantage of these amazing microbes to develop really useful methodolog…
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Milkmaids, old scabs, and the smallpox vaccine!
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Welcome to the vaccine episode! There are vaccines for both bacterial and viral infections. In this episode we want to tell you about the first vaccine, which was for smallpox (a pretty terrible virus), and how its discovery involved milkmaids and old scabs. Learn how vaccines work, how they’re made, and why Edward Jenner was a pretty weird dude. A…
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The sky is the limit... and there is no sky in space.
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BACTERIA IN SPACE. Turns out, scientists are looking into some fun, weird bacteria found on the International Space Station. What makes them weird? Well, they’ve had to learn to grow in some awful conditions, including microgravity. So listen in to learn more about how some bacteria are adapting to SPACE. ARMOR on the Air is a student-led podcast b…
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Black Plague (our excuse to go look at prairie dogs)
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Prairie dogs! Plague! How are they related? In this episode we’re talking about all things plague. It’s a bacterial infection that still occurs today (though it’s much less deadly with modern medicine), so listen in and learn how not to catch the literal plague. ARMOR on the Air is a student-led podcast based out of the University of Colorado Bould…
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We have special guest Louise Munkholm here to talk about how AMR impacts global health. Louise’s background is in social science and public administration with a specialization in EU and global studies. She currently does research on the policy dynamics of global initiatives on AMR. She has graciously shared her knowledge with us in seeing AMR as a…
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Let's talk about a topic we briefly mentioned last episode, fecal transplants! We talk about what it takes to be a donor (spoiler: it’s not just “have poop”), how it actually works (it’s a little gross but not THAT gross), and how it helps people! ARMOR on the Air is a student-led podcast based out of the University of Colorado Boulder. We discuss …
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Clostridium difficile (DUn DuN dUn)
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We have a really fun topic for you...C. diff! Clostridium difficile is a bacteria that infects the gut, and is commonly associated with antibiotic resistance - C. diff infections are often triggered by treatment from an antibiotic, which can make your colon susceptible to other infections! We inform you of the awful symptoms, what causes these symp…
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We want to talk to you a bit about health inequity in the United States. Racial discrimination, both intentional and trained, is rampant in the US healthcare system. Racism is ingrained in our current healthcare system in the US, and that of course negatively affects the kind of care that underserved communities receive and the health outcomes that…
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In this episode, Dana talks about her research into biofilms! Biofilms are like intricate bacterial cities, where individual bacterial cells work together, with specialized roles, to increase the defenses of the bacteria and improve survival in difficult conditions. This makes bacteria hard to kill! Dana explains why her research is vital for fight…
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Allergic to antibiotics? The issue with penicillin allergies
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Here's a topic familiar to many: penicillin allergies. We discuss how people develop penicillin allergies, the prevalence of misdiagnoses as penicillin allergies, and how if you incorrectly believe you have a penicillin allergy, you could be contributing to antibiotic resistance. Yikes! ARMOR on the Air is a student-led podcast based out of the Uni…
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Bacteria love to share! (Horizontal Gene Transfer)
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We're here to explain how bacteria share genetic information through horizontal gene transfer. HGT has major implications for the development of antibiotic resistance. ARMOR on the Air is a student-led podcast based out of the University of Colorado Boulder. We discuss the antimicrobial resistance crisis and what we as members of the public can do …
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Sporulation: The Near-Invincible Bacteria
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Introducing sporulating bacteria, or bacteria that “hibernate” to increase their survivability. We explain sporulation and how it makes bacteria almost invincible, and then dive into anthrax, tetanus, and botulism as examples! ARMOR on the Air is a student-led podcast based out of the University of Colorado Boulder. We discuss the antimicrobial res…
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We did not post for a couple weeks in order to allow space for discussion and awareness of police brutality against Black folks and systemic racism. We are learning, we hear you, we see you, we support you, even when Black Lives Matter isn’t trending. In this episode, we have our lovely guest and applied mathematician Rachael! We discuss diagnostic…
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We did not post for a couple weeks in order to allow space for discussion and awareness of police brutality against Black folks and systemic racism. We are learning, we hear you, we see you, we support you, even when Black Lives Matter isn’t trending. In this episode, we talk about tuberculosis (TB), how it infects our body, what makes it so resili…
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We discuss the pre-antibiotic era and how that indicates how the post-antibiotic era could look, in addition to antibiotic drug discovery. ARMOR on the Air is a student-led podcast based out of the University of Colorado Boulder. We discuss the antimicrobial resistance crisis and what we as members of the public can do to help! Join our hosts, grad…
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We Are ARMOR - Secondary Bacterial Infections and COVID-19
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ARMOR on the Air is a student-led podcast based out of the University of Colorado Boulder. We discuss the antimicrobial resistance crisis and what we as members of the public can do to help! Join our hosts, graduate student Dana and Danish pharmacist Karoline, as we learn more about superbugs and how to stop them! In this episode we discuss what an…
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